Comparative study of security in Windows and Linux Research Paper

Relative investigation of security in Windows and Linux - Research Paper Example It is additionally critical to guarantee that the client capacities don't meddle with crafted by the working framework. Since the working framework is enormous and complex in code, it is proposed to make it in pieces. Every one of these pieces ought to be all around characterized as for their work, data sources, yields and different interior capacities. The look and feel of the Linux working framework is same as that of the UNIX working framework. Linux is a lot more youthful than UNIX framework. While OpenBSD is likewise created over the UNIX system, it is for the most part evolved utilizing the security issues into account. Lately, inner dangers suggested to the dangers that were caused because of the abuse of inward information of an association by an inside representative. These days it isn't just constrained to a disappointed representative who abuses secret information for his/her own benefit, however today it is increasingly critical to discover the ways by which the individual is getting an entrance to those important information. Similarly inward dangers to working framework by and large happens because of some inner bugs that were produced during the production of the Operating framework, for example, some secondary passage, or some coherent blunders, that are as yet not fixed and are available to vulnerabilities. The group that built up this working framework guarantees that the framework had been created, remembering different security dangers. OpenBSD is created in UNIX. At present it is viewed as number one with respect to the safety efforts among different other accessible alternatives, since this framework was created through proactive safety efforts and execution of cryptography. OpenBSD utilizes a pseudo arbitrary number generator for its cryptographic encryption reason. Remembering that security can be penetrated if the number that is utilized for encryption gets hacked, bringing about the whole framework being available to outside assault, the OpenBSD framework produces

Li & Fung Core Strategies Essay

Li and Fung’s Core Strengths One of the center qualities of Li and Fung was acquisitions as they considered it to be a way to support development force. More often than not they attempted to â€Å"fill in the mosaic† by procuring rivals in zones where they needed situating, ability or ability. They simply didn't obtained organizations they made them incorporated with the old ones to make When they get organizations Li and Fung’s system is to coordinate approaching staff and smooth out activities consistently inside 100 days. Li and Fung attempts to a Three Year Plan that tends to methodologies no matter how you look at it and lately has define and met the objective of multiplying its size with each arrangement. Li and Fung has accomplished its achievements much quicker, while minimizing expenses by putting resources into new innovation and programming arrangements. The organization has set up the framework for web conferencing between the entirety of its workplaces. The organization has improved IT software’s, especially those comparative with framework that will offer improved coordinated effort, for example, VOIP telephones, WebEx, SharePoint for interior and client cooperation, videoconferencing and EDI. This has permitted them to reduce expenses and increment efficiency. Likewise Li and Fung brought together back-office frameworks added to improve the effectiveness of obtaining. Li and Fung’s as a go between gave a wide exhibit of administrations that spread over the entire gracefully chain. Also, they provided both hard merchandise and delicate products from providers to various nations and regions. Gone about as the brokers, the organization could lessen coordinating and credit dangers. How do these center qualities make Li and Fung an alluring choice for its client? How do Li and Fung make the gracefully chain increasingly responsive (i.e., quick and adaptable? Do you feel that different organizations can imitate Li and Fung’s business model? Why or why not? Be brief.

Unemployment is Way Down 3 Tips to Attract Employees in a Tight Market

Unemployment is Way Down 3 Tips to Attract Employees in a Tight Market Global unemployment has dropped to five percent this year, the lowest level in a decade since the 2008 global economic crisis, a report by the International Labor Organization shows.While this bland statistic may not say much about the quality of the work the majority are involved in and the impact it has on their quality of life, it is clear that despite global economic challenges employers have to compete more for the best talent than a decade ago.In the United Kingdom, a report released by the Office for National Statistics shows that the national unemployment rate dropped to the lowest in more than four decades despite Brexit fears.Britain’s joblessness rate dropped to a new low of 3.9 percent at the beginning of the year, the lowest since 1975.This unprecedented drop in joblessness, analysts say, can only be derailed by a recession-inducing hard Brexit.At the tail-end of 2018, Canada’s unemployment level dropped to a record 5.6 percent, the lowest level recorded since 1976.S tatistics Canada reported that the employment surge was driven by an increase in mostly full-time jobs, with the private sector contributing to nearly 90 percent of the newly hired.This has been interpreted to be an indication that the Canadian labor market is still buoyant despite concerns about the state of the nation’s economy.In the United States, the Labor Department reported in May that the unemployment rate had fallen to 3.6 percent, clocking a record 103 consecutive months of employment gains.This is the lowest joblessness rate since 1969, indicating the US’s prevailing economic expansion will not be stalling any time soon.For more than one year now, the unemployment rate in the US has been below or at 4 percent.Large gains were recorded in business services, construction and healthcare, although manufacturing jobs seems to be stalling.Below is a video explaining why unemployment is way down, and why this is not about to change any time soon. INCREASING COSTS FOR EMPLOYE RSThe situation in the United States is approaching what economists refer to as ‘full employment’, where there are more job openings than unemployed people, meaning that most people seeking jobs are able to land one.It is evident even when you take a short stroll down the street you’ll be met with multiple signs of ‘Now Hiring’, ‘Help Wanted’ or ‘Accepting Applications Now’.These low unemployment levels are leaving employers with no choice but to raise pay to retain and attract new talent while becoming even more aggressive with training workers.Over the last year, the average earnings per hour have risen by 3.2 percent, way above inflation, with low wage employees taking home some of the largest increases as companies become more aggressive in filling vacancies.Several states have also increased their minimum wage.Businesses are now reporting that their foremost challenge in this labor environment is getting enough workers to fill vacant jobs.Supply chain company McLane tells The Washington Post that they have been advertising truck driver jobs for $70,000 per year complete with a $6,000 signing bonus in Pennsylvania without much success at filling all available vacancies.TIGHT LABOUR MARKETThe above situation is what is referred to as tight labor market, where a market is approaching full employment and as such recruitment becomes more difficult leading to an upward shift in wages.Below is a depiction of what is currently happening in the US labor market as the economy nears full employment.As full employment beckons in an economy, there is pressure for more outputs to meet the ever-ballooning demand for products.However, additional labor cannot be acquired easily since the pool of available employees is shrinking. As such the curve for aggregate demand for labor (ADL) shifts to the right (ADL2) since firms would want to employ more people but the labor supply is not sufficient.Eventually this excess demand for labor makes existing wages to rise steadily since workers now have a much higher bargaining power.In the diagram below, this is shown by wages increasing to point C at a bigger rate of W1 as a market reaction to excess labor demand. Source: Cleverism.comTRADITIONAL EMPLOYEE RETENTION MAY NOT WORKWith workers having more job options than they have had before, it would be unwise to over rely on traditional employee retention strategies.This is also a time when job hopping is becoming more commonplace as millennials rise in the workplace and expect to only stick for a company for no longer than two to three years.More employees are increasingly dancing to the tune of Johnny Paycheck’s song ‘Take this Job and Shove It’ in an environment with more opportunities as Forbes reports.If you are still relying on traditional retention methods devoid of tracking exits, first line supervisor training, and periodic re-evaluation of stressors, you will have a difficult time retaining your staff in this tight labor market once they get wind of better conditions on your competition’s side.But even with the best retention strategy your human resources team can come up with, you will still lose workers seeking better opport unities, titles and career nomads. You will also need to plan for expansion.GLITZY PERKS ARE OUT OF DATEThe culture of startups overstates the impact of fringe benefits such as beer on the tap, Ping-Pong tables and free meals on employee motivation.Of course, there is a case to be made for this deliberate injection of informality and its effect on workplace cohesion.But this is probably not what most employees place high up in their quality of work life preferences. In its State of the American Workforce report, management consulting firm Gallup finds that a majority of employees would jump ship if another organization offered them significantly more money and flexibility as opposed to perks.It is indeed true that adults can and will enjoy arcade games in the escape room or goofing around with co-workers over free snacks but what they would really appreciate more is the possibility of having longer vacations, picking their kids from school and being able to afford better lifestyles. In a tight labor market, workers are handed the power to get closer to achieving these more meaningful work life improvements.As such employers can no longer hide under superficial packages and expect to either attract or retain the high-quality talent.To do so, they must offer more practical and competitive benefits that have a longer-term appeal.A RECRUITER’S NIGHTMAREGlobal employment site, Monster, says about 60 percent of recruiters report a scarcity in the skilled labor they need and are finding it increasingly difficult to attract the high-quality job candidates.Out of 400 recruiters surveyed in their recent report, 62 percent admitted that their job is more difficult than it was one year ago. Fifty nine percent said it was now harder to attract high-quality candidate than during the last one-year period.The survey found that the number of job vacancies were at their highest in 17 years. Competition from fellow recruiters is at its most intense causing additional difficulti es to get the right talent on-board as reported by 52 percent of the respondents.Eighty three percent of the recruiters said they have now been forced to employ a multi-solution tactic to attract the best candidates including directly reaching out to candidates, traditional ads, and social media advertising.In spite of these efforts, the recruiters are only managing to secure only 44 percent of candidates to human resource managers.Given the growing complexity in recruiting the best talent due to the prevailing labor market conditions, below are three important strategies to enable your organization attract the best talent you need to take your business to the next level.1. PUT MARKETING AT THE CORE OF RECRUITMENTMonster’s survey reveals a lack of marrying brand marketing with company recruitment plans.Sixty seven percent of recruiters admitted that they needed to have a better understanding of marketing to better succeed.Only 36 percent said they were currently incorporating empl oyer branding strategies in order to attract a higher caliber of candidates with promising results.Savvy talent acquisition managers are establishing an employer value proposition and communicating this constructed competitive advantage with consistency across recruitment channels.In addition to incorporating this brand image in job ads, candidate emails and career websites, they go a notch higher and differentiate the messaging based on what they have researched to be most important to their target candidates.That could be benefits, unique perks, company mission, training programs or unique technology.This is the first step in creating an integrated recruitment plan that spans the entire candidate life cycle. Employment branding will introduce the candidate to, for instance the cultural difference that provides evidence as to why your organization is a great place to be working at.Some organizations have excelled at using marketing technology tools. Dallas-based Velo IT Group, for example, combines a number of technologies: The algorithm-based LinkedIn recruiter for candidate suggestions and target messaging, HubSpot for tracking and automating applications, and Facebook and Instagram for ads.They believe that by combining recruitment with marketing, they are reaching a wider net for ideal candidates.Toronto-based BlueCat Networks operates marketing and recruitment in concert to ensure talented cyber security experts find the company appealing. Instead of just depending on job postings, the company VP for people, Cheryl Kerrigan, understands that the very best candidates want to see what they could be part of if they were to work at a company.Kerrigan says it is important to treat prospective employees as you would clients and pitch to them in a similar manner to prospects and customers.Employer Branding on Social MediaJust as it is relatively simple, fast and affordable to promote products and services on social media, your employer branding and recruitment strategies if employed on social media can help you spread the word and attract the right people.Here, it is a good idea to create a separate career account from the corporate one with a more inviting name. HubSpot Life and Facebook Life are great examples.This page should be used to not just post jobs as a regular careers page would have but to give your prospective candidates a glimpse into your company’s culture, behind-the-scenes views of everyday life and employee testimonials.GlassdoorYou should seriously consider getting a listing on Glassdoor and encourage your employees, who are really your ultimate brand advocates, to write about your organization.People go to sites like Glassdoor to learn more about company cultures, compensation, job descriptions, as well as current and previous employees’ reviews and opinions.To build your employer brand on Glassdoor, follow these tips drawn from Facebook and Hubspot.Request candidates to rate their experiences after interviews with you to create a useful profile for jobseekers and other candidates in learning what to expect from your recruitment process.Respond to Reviews â€" While you cannot ideally respond to all reviews, you can adopt Facebook’s method to maximize impact. By selecting reviews that most represent the overlying themes raised about your company most recently, balancing between current and future employee reviews and prioritizing those that touch on departments with hiring needs.Showcase a valuable review â€" You can choose a featured review that most represents a variety of aspects for prospective hires, was marked as helpful and that gives constructive feedback.Put analytics to work â€" Glassdoor provides a number of analytics that should be constantly monitored and acted on. These include company ratings, CEO rating, review trend, and keywords.Share engaging content â€" You have an opportunity to showcase your brand culture through articles from your blog and company updates that help you stand out.Saturate the MarketA final aspect of employer branding is participation in community events that resonate with or involve the talent you seek. You have a good chance of locating your best fits.For example, if your target hires work outdoor, you could put up a booth at an outdoor event and engage with potential candidates. You could also support a community sports team or hold job fairs that intersect with outdoor festivals.2. CAST YOUR NET WIDERWhile extensive experience in a certain position might make a candidate look really good, it might not always be the best pointer to the best talent.Such fixation might blind you from the possibility that such a candidate might not be driven enough if they were content to stick in one position for such a long time.If you are startup or operating in a rapidly changing industry, you would want more adaptable and flexible employees.In a tight labor market, even attracting these highly experienced candidates may be a daunting task in i tself.These candidates may also most likely demand much higher pay than your budget allows and you might be missing out on more promising talent with lesser industry experience.You will need to relax some requirements such as non-essential skills, certain educational levels or professional body memberships.You will most likely be compelled to consider people beyond those you hire traditionally including women in male-dominated roles, looking beyond local markets, agreeing to remote working or being open to relocating new hires.As you scramble to find the right candidates for the right positions with your competition, you realize that the standards will have to change a bit. In a tight labor market you can no longer insist on finding the perfect.To some extent, good will be the best alternative for perfect.In the process of casting your net wider, one relaxation in standard’ to consider is accommodating candidates who you might have excluded in the past for whatever reasons.For exa mple, there are some companies that only hire from certain colleges but now find themselves unable to fill openings using that criteria.The VP for the Society of Human Resource Management, Tony Lee, says that in a tight labor market, as companies face acute staffing needs, several biases and stereotypes suddenly fade out because the urgent needs outweigh subjective judgments of who to consider.What this means is that your net could wade into the region of the formerly incarcerated, caregivers and working parents, veterans, older and disabled workers.You will be surprised at what gems your organization could unearth from these disadvantaged cohorts if you make the wise decision to consider them.Relaxing on your company’s hiring traditions could save you the costs of keeping positions vacant until the ideal candidate is found.Instead, you could hire someone who has demonstrated expertise in a corollary or related skill and invest a few months getting them up to speed through a detai led onboarding program.Here are some useful guidelines on casting your net wider.Steer clear from ‘must-have’ requirements, eliminate overly restrictive pre-requisites and embrace a broad, open-minded approach to recruitment.Scrutinize the applicant’s track record for how they fit in their jobs over their career journey and whether they committed too long or too briefly.Does the candidate have additional talents that make them more attractive?Instead of merely zeroing in on experience, examine what they have accomplished, how they did it and establish how they fit into your company culture.Determine if the role is growth or experience driven. There are roles you would not risk a new hire learning on the job.Do not hesitate to offer growth-driven roles to candidates you feel are fast learners and fit into and benefit the company culture.3. REVAMP RETENTION EFFORTSIn as much as you are relaxing your hiring requirements to target a broader talent pool and incorporating marketing into your recruitment processes, your existing employees are your greatest resource and a great marketing tool to potential employees as we have established.You cannot afford to overlook them in a tight labor market or you will risk increasing your employee turnover.So as you reorganize your hiring strategies, your employee retention plan ought to evolve in tandem.Remember, they are no different from the new employees you are trying to recruit and since they too have been given more agency, their bargaining power is much higher than what it used to be before the economy started approaching ‘full employment’.By improving your retention rate, you will reduce the costs associated with hiring new workers in the current market and receive the most value from the existing ones.But you will need to make some adjustments to get there.Remember, irrespective of your staffing needs or whether the positions are full-time or temporary, the facts of the thin market is that skilled candidates are more in demand than never before.In fact the best candidates in whatever role you are hiring will often receive a number of offers at a time.It is therefore critical that you now move fast to ensure you are offering the best-in-class compensation and benefits.Companies that will not adapt or cannot adapt their employee retention strategies are in for some major competition.Here are a few ways you can consider to ensure your current employees continue to see your organization as attractive.Help with preparing for retirement: A 2018 Employee Financial Wellbeing Wellness survey conducted by PWC revealed that nearly half of employees are worried that their retirement savings will not even last until retirement. If you actively provide retirement literacy and investment help to your employees, you are taking a step in securing the future of your workers and they are more likely to stick with you.Flexibility options: Workers are concerned about maintaining a healthy work-life balance and this could be a major reason why your employees leave or prospective hires shun your company. A recent survey shows 82 percent of workers in the US consider the ability to work from anywhere as a great step in maintaining that balance.Review salary and benefits: This goes without saying. You will need to give your workers a reason not to leave you when your competition is dangling more competitive compensation. A comprehensive benefits package if not in place should be the first item during your next HR strategy meeting.Loan debt and housing assistance: The student debt situation in America is getting worse. Probably half of your employees today are burdened by this and would jump ship if one of your competitors with a student loan assistance program comes calling. Why not throw in mortgage or travel assistance while at it?WRAPPING UPAs the economy nears ‘full employment’, companies are grappling with both attracting and retaining the right talents in the rights jobs.Unfortu nately for them, during a tight labor market, it is the workers who possess better bargaining power and as such employers have to adapt to this recent shift in power.Flashy perks and tokens are just not going to cut it as competitors boost their efforts to land the best candidates.A combination of these three tips will help you take a major step in meeting your staffing needs and staying ahead of the competition.

Solar Energy Solar Panels - 961 Words

Solar Energy: Solar Panels In the last decades energy consumption have come to a time where people started noticing the climate changes and the effect of fossil fuel energy for been environmentally destructive, by producing pollutions and other effect. After realizing the effect engineers come up with solar panel, an alternative to fossil fuel energy but less harmful for the environment and the pocket. Solar panels which uses renewable energy like the sun to light homes heat and produces electricity. Unlike fossil fuel solar panels are less harmful for the environment. From it creation few decades ego, just recently solar panel started getting popularity in homes in the United States and around the world. When it was invented people were not interested about it, because of the high installation price, however the price have changed dramatically since then. Even though scientific data shows that solar energy is a better alternative to fossil fuel, many people still wondering about global warming, the benefit an d the necessity of solar panels Global warming (the warming that occurs as a result of increase emissions of greenhouse gases) has become a very big issue worldwide. The fossil fuels (Oil, Coal, and Natural Gas) which are the main sources of the world’s energy sources have negative natural emissions coupled with the human activities that changes the atmosphere’s composition (e.g. through burning fossil fuels) have contributed immensely to the global warming which hasShow MoreRelatedSolar Energy : Solar Panels For Home2136 Words   |  9 Pages Solar Energy – Solar Panels for Home This briefing paper is written to introduce and inform family members about solar energy that can be used in home. They will learn positive and negative side of solar energy with what aspects to consider when installing solar panels. 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Divisions of the Brain Forebrain, Midbrain, Hindbrain

Evolution of Computer Technology Free Essays

Several centuries have been taken toward the development of inventions made by different people into modern forms. Single inventors rarely bring out modern invention. What we have now as electronic devices (the computers) are inventions of several scientists, mathematicians and engineers from different centuries. We will write a custom essay sample on Evolution of Computer Technology or any similar topic only for you Order Now For the purpose of this mini research key terms like evolution, technology and computer shall be considered, not forgetting to take a careful look at the evolution of these inventions from different centuries/years to our present generation starting from the earliest known device. The characteristics of these devices from generation to generation and their classification according to sizes, functions and uses shall also be discussed. DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS Evolution: Evolution is a gradual development that occurs in a particular place or thing. Technology: This is the use of mechanical arts and applied science. Technology here refers to systems, methods of organization and techniques. Computer:A computer is a programmable mechanical device that accepts information or inputs, stores and manipulates data and brings out the result or output in numerical format.COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM A general purpose computer has four major components namely: arithmetic and logic unit (ALU), control unit, memory and input/output devices. These parts are interconnected by buses often made of groups of wires. ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC UNIT (ALU) This unit carries out arithmetic and logic operations. According to Stokes (2007), the set of arithmetic operations that a particular arithmetic and logic unit supports may be limited to adding and subtracting or might include multiplying or dividing functions ( sine, cosine, etc) and square roots.While others represent real numbers with the use of floating point, some can only operate on whole numbers (integers) albeit, with limited precision. Arithmetic operation could be carried out by any programmed computer. Logic operation can be useful both for creating complicated conditional statements and processing Boolean logic. THE CONTROL UNIT The control unit which is often called a control system or central controller, manages the computer’s various components. It reads and interprets (decodes) the program instructions, transforming them into a series of control signals which activate other parts of the computer. In order to improve performance, the control system in advanced computer may change the order of some instructions. FUNCTION OF THE CONTROL SYSTEM It reads the codes for the next instruction from the cell indicated by the program counters. It decodes the numerical code for the instruction into a set of commands or signals for each of the other systems. Whatever data the instruction requires from cells in memory are read by the control system. Necessary data to an arithmetic and logic unit or register is also provided by the control system.If the instruction requires an ALU or specialized hardware to complete, it instructs the hardware to perform the requested operation. It writes the results from the ALU back to a memory location or to a register or perhaps an output device. It could be observed that the sequence of operations gone through by the control unit to process an instruction is in itself like a short computer program. MEMORY The memory of a computer is seen as a list of cells into which numbers can be placed or read. Each cell has a numbered address and can store a single number.Anything such as numbers, letters can be represented by the information stored into the memory with equal ease. Software gives significance to what the memory sees as series of numbers. In almost all modern computers, each memory cell is set up to store binary numbers in gaps of 8bits or bytes. Each byte representing 256 different numbers (Stokes 2007). Several consecutive numbers may be used to store larger numbers. Computer memory is of two types or principal varieties: The Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM).Random Access Memory according to Inyang and Umoh (2003), is a part of primary memory that holds the programs being executed and the data to be worked upon. RAM also stores the result of a processed data, waiting to be transferred to output device or secondary storage device. It is a temporary memory and the content of RAM is erased when a computer is turned off and data stored in it can instantly be accessed. The storage of RAM is expressed in megabytes and its capacity or size limited. An area of RAM set aside for storage of most frequently accessed information is the CACHE memory. It is a temporary high speed data holding area between the memory and the central processing unit. RAM has four parts: the conventional memory which consist of the first 640KB of RAM, used by operating system and device drivers; Upper Memory Bound (UMB) located between 640KB and 1MB of RAM, used by device drivers: extended memory (XMS) which include direct access memory above 1MB; and Expended memory: a special part of ram that is up to 32MB and exists outside the conventional memory. Read only memory (ROM) is preloaded with data and software that never changes, so the central processing unit (CPU) can only read it.ROM is typically used to store the computer’s initial start up instructions. It retains its data indefinitely. In a personal computer (PC), ROM contains a specialized program called the BIOS that orchestrates loading the computer’s operating system from the hard disc drive into RAM whenever the computer is turn on or reset. All of the required software may be stored in ROM in embedded computers which frequently do not have disc drives. Software stored in ROM is referred to as firmware because it is more like hardware than software. INPUT/OUTPUT DEVICEMeans by which information between the computer and outside world is exchanged is known as input/output. Peripheral includes input devices like keyboard and mouse, and output devices such as the display and printer. Hard disc drives, floppy disc drives and optical disc drives serve as both input and output devices. HISTORY OF COMPUTER Computer technology has changed today world to a global village. Since the field of computer is a vast sea, there are many options and benefits one can get from it. Internet is constant and rapidly growing source of information. People can get information or piece of required knowledge from any part of the world by just a few clicks on the websites. There is a rise in the need of more websites and knowledgeable sources as information is much easier to access. The early men counted by means of matching one set of object with another set. The history of modern computer begins with two separate technologies: automated calculation and programmability. The earliest known computing device was called ABACUS. It is the first counting device that was developed about 500BC (Umoh and Inyang, 2003).It is made up of wood and beads. It has a role of any number of parallel wires, rods or grooves on or in slide of small beads or blocks. Strung beads which have different values were manually used to operate abacus. Bars were used in dividing the Abacus into two parts perpendicular to the rods. Bits moved in active position towards the bars and the ones towards the frame are ignored. Each bar signifies digits and least significant digits were on the right. Abacus was used in calculating (i. e. adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing) numbers by moving the bit complex.In the 9th century, the Persian Mathematician Abu, Abdullah Muhammad Bin Musa Al-Khwarizni developed the concept of a written process followed to achieve some goals, and published a book on the subject that gave us its modern name Algorithm. In 1623, Wilhelm Schikard, a German Scientist invented a machine that used eleven complete and six incomplete sprocketed wheels that could add and with the aid of logarithm tables, multiply and divide. Many inventions have taken several centuries to develop into the modern forms and modern inventions are rarely the product of a single inventor’s effort.Many people each added a small contribution towards the development of the bits and pieces of a computer (including the software). Each person in this work contributed a part towards the development of computers. In 1642, a 19year old French boy, a philosopher and mathematician Blaise Pascal invented a mechanic al adding machine called a Mechanical Calculator. It is like a modern desk calculator and contains numbers of wheel and uses gear system to perform arithmetic operations. Computations are carried out by a process of integer counting.In 1801, Punch cards were invented by a French Weaver called Joseph Marie Jacquard. These Punch Cards allowed his loom to automatically weave intricate patterns. Different parts were used in storing different patterns of holes that produced different designs. Punch Cards are used in processing information in computers. The fusion of automatic calculation with programmability produced the first recognized computers. Charles Babbage, British Mathematician and inventor, invented mechanical computing machine – Babbage’s Analytical Engine.In 1820, it carried out complex arithmetic operations and made decisions based on its own computations. It was self-controlled and had two important parts which are the storage unit with memory device and arithmetic unit known as the Mill. It was the world’s first digital computer. Babbage’s contributed the idea of conditional transfer which gave way to comparison of quantities and modification of programs. The idea of a sequence of punch cards to produce a more flexible design was borrowed from the Jacquard’s pattern weaving loom. It performed functions like additions, subtraction, division and multiplication. How to cite Evolution of Computer Technology, Papers

Introduction to Hospitality and Tourism

Question: Discuss about theIntroduction to Hospitality and Tourism. Answer: Introduction The tourism industry of Australia is one of the inevitable parts of the Australian business. The hospitality industry is another sector that comes under the tourism department and this covers up the major part of the tourism industry which includes the lodging, event planning, transportation, cruise line and many more additional fields that avail leisure time to the population. The hospitality sector of tourism department also includes the restaurant, amusement park, hotels along with the provision of super facility of maintenance and operations to the customers (Altinay, Paraskevas Jang, 2015). Moreover it is evident that the tourism department of Australia adds up some emphasis to its economy which helps in increasing the GDP of Australia. The department of tourism also gives its 8% contribution to the total export earnings of Australia. That is the reason the report is prepared which contains the details of hospitality and tourism industry of Australia. Along with that the essay represents the valuation of the importance and the challenges of tourism department of Australia faces (Buhalis Crotts, 2013). Australian Tourism Department The tourism department of Australia is the major part that adds to its economical that eventually increases its GDP with every growing year. In between that the domestic tourism is more popular in Australia which also represents 73% of the total GDP of Australian direct tourism. Also, the Australian tourism department helps in enhancing the employment of the country by providing employment to the 5% of the workforce of the Australian population. Some of the popular destinations for tourism in Australia are Brisbane, Sydney, Queensland, the Gold Coast, Melbourne, the Great Barrier Reef and the Australian outback. Apart from that the wildlife of Australia also adds on to its tourism department (Brotherton, 2015). The Australian tourism department is of international, backpackers and the domestic types that involve the visit of different types of customers to different tourist places of Australia. Out of these most important is the domestic tourism whose market is mostly estimated to be of $63 billion. It is because the domestic tourism includes the facilities for all type of customers. Apart from that the international tourism is mostly famous just because the wild life of Australia and its native animals. Linking to development of tourism in Australia the Australian tourism department formulated a core message saying There is nothing like Australia by which they aim towards the sharing of the favourite place of Australia with all corners of the world. Importance The major importance of tourism industry is it contributes to the growth of the Australian economy. Its importance gets contributed mainly from the domestic tourism that provides 73% of the total direct tourism. One of the major factors is it provides employment to almost 580,000 people in Australia which are of major importance. Apart from the full time, there is also the availability of part-time job that gives employment to 43.7% of people in Australia. On the whole, the department of tourism contributes 8% of the total earnings of the Australias export quantity (Mok, Sparks Kadampully, 2013). The tourism department mostly creates the generation of jobs within the country which eventually benefits the growth in the communities throughout Australia. The department of tourism in Australia can be said to be major importance because it is the key strength just because it is appealing to the natural assets of the Australian environment. Apart from that the tourism department of Austra lia have the provision of low cost of airlines to the customers. It has of greater importance just because it goes through a keen understanding of needs and demands of the customers which also drives the consumer segments that increases the investment for the tourism industry. Challenges Though having many places that can attract the customers to visit the places, still it needs some development in its infrastructure by revamping the hotels along with boosting the service standards. Apart from the few cities like the Sydney, Brisbane, and Melbourne, the other places of tourist importance in Australia are mostly regional areas. The tourist places including the wildlife are also the regional portion of Australia which is mostly facing various threats to the population. During the management of tourism in Australia, these are the places which come across through the challenges which could be geared up to make the developments for the improvisation of tourism department in Australia (Mok, Sparks Kadampully, 2013). The challenges that the Australian tourism department face are the flexibility in its services along with the options for more availability of food and beverages in the tourist places. Apart from that, it is important to make the tourist websites must be digit alised for the easy delivery of the services. Also, the content part of the tourism department must be taken care of as it is the source of attraction of the people from where they can get attracted. This will eventually provide the idea of traveling to the tourists. That is the reason it is mandatory to have the knowledge regarding the destination of tourism which is lacking a bit in this condition. The major challenge that the Australian tourism department faces is taking the tourism department in a serious mood to make it high priority in making its service delivery to the customers. The other factors that are hampering the popularity are the shortage of the workers and rooms which also in some instances affecting the statistics of tourism department of Australia. Conclusion The tourism department of Australia are the sector that adds the heavy economy increase to the financial condition of the country. It is also evident that though contributing towards the growth of economy still, it is facing many challenges for its growth due to some inevitable crucial parts. If these challenges are treated well and improvised then the Australian economy will face a huge growth in its economy which will be helpful for the countrys growth as well. Also if the all the government that includes the Austrade and the state and territory investment agencies which will eventually provide a strategic and long term approach for the development of the tourism department of Australia. References Altinay, L., Paraskevas, A. and Jang, S.S., 2015.Planning research in hospitality and tourism.Routledge. Buhalis, D. and Crotts, J., 2013.Global alliances in tourism and hospitality management.Routledge. Brotherton, B., 2015.Researching hospitality and tourism.Sage. Mok, C., Sparks, B. and Kadampully, J., 2013.Service quality management in hospitality, tourism, and leisure.Routledge. Law, R., Buhalis, D. and Cobanoglu, C., 2014. Progress on information and communication technologies in hospitality and tourism.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,26(5), pp.727-750. Riley, M., 2014.Human resource management in the hospitality and tourism industry.Routledge.